Get a Tuner: You can use a dedicated guitar tuner, a tuning app on your smartphone, or tune by ear using a reference pitch.
Standard Tuning: The standard tuning for a guitar is EADGBE, with the thickest string (low E) at the top and the thinnest string (high E) at the bottom.
Tune the Low E String: Start by plucking the low E string and adjusting the tuning peg until the tuner indicates that the string is in tune. Turn the peg to the right to tighten the string (raise the pitch) or to the left to loosen it (lower the pitch).
Tune the A String: Once the low E string is in tune, use the tuner to tune the A string by fretting the 5th fret of the low E string and plucking it. The A string should match this pitch.
Tune the D String: Similarly, fret the 5th fret of the A string and pluck it to tune the D string.
Tune the G String: Fret the 5th fret of the D string to tune the G string.
Tune the B String: Fret the 4th fret of the G string to tune the B string.
Tune the High E String: Fret the 5th fret of the B string to tune the high E string.
Check Your Tuning: Once all the strings are tuned, strum all the strings together and listen for any discrepancies. Use the tuner to make any necessary adjustments.
Fine-Tuning: After tuning all the strings, you may want to fine-tune them by comparing each string with the adjacent strings and adjusting as needed.
Check Intonation: Finally, check the intonation of your guitar by playing a few fretted notes on each string and comparing them with the open string. If the fretted notes are sharp or flat, you may need to adjust the intonation at the bridge.
Repeat if Necessary: If your guitar has a tremolo system (whammy bar), tuning can be affected by its use. Check the tuning after using the tremolo and adjust if necessary.
It's a good idea to tune your guitar regularly, especially before
playing or recording, to ensure it sounds its best.