So is there any way I can tell which scales I could use over a certain progression
?

All of them. Literally. Just make sure the scale is in the key.

Well I knew that. What I meant was how can I tell Which scales that are in keys different from the progression will work over the progression? For example, that last progression i posted is in the key of C, but an Am scale works over it

Look up a circle of 5ths. You'll be able to see that each key has a relative key. That's not the same thing as knowing what to use where though. You should look up how modes work, they're far more comprehensive. Guthrie Govan does a good modes lesson on youtube.

Learn your major and minor pentatonic and blues scale like the back of your hand though before learning modes. Then you will understand what makes each mode different from your basic everyday scale your used to hearing.

Well I know the Am blues scale like the back of my hand, but my scale book only gives examples of scales in the key of A. And I've been without Internet for a while, I've been posting from my phone. It sucks trying to look up scale charts on a phone.

They are the same in every key. All are movable.

You need to know all five scale positions. Are you talking about all of them or just the first?

I know all 5 positions of the Am blues scale. It was the first scale I learned and is my most used. I know they're all movable but the finger patterns aren't the same for each position, so I don't really know how to move them. I know I could take the Am 5th fret position and move it down a whole step to G, but I would it still be the same fingering? It might hard to understand what I mean by "fingering" and "finger position".

Yes the fingering is the exact same. Say you are going to play in Bminor instead, all you do is take every position and shape you know from the Am and move it up the neck 2 frets. The other 4 boxes are the exact same. The only thing that may be tricky is getting used to playing in Eminor since the first position is all barred at the nut.

So little did you know you actually know every minor Keys pentatonic scales already!

So position one of the Am blues scale starts at the 3rd fret on the G note, I can move that box down a whole step and that is Bm? So then the Bm pentatonic starts at the 5th fret. That seems like a far start for a scale, there's got to be a box before the 5th fret box. It just doesn't seem right that all the notes before the 5th fret would be skipped.